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The Brain

In Focus

The Brain

Since founding the world’s first neurobiology department in 1966, Harvard has been a hub for researchers who aspire to understand how the brain works, and clinician-scientists who are driven to fix it when it doesn’t.

Last updated: August 2024
A rendering of neurons in the brain

Reconstructing the brain

A team of researchers has helped create the largest 3D brain reconstruction to date, showing in vivid detail each cell and its web of connections.

Learn more about the research

A rendering of probiotic bacteria in the human body

Probiotics to treat multiple sclerosis

Researchers have designed a probiotic to suppress autoimmunity in the brain, which occurs when the immune system attacks the cells of the central nervous system.

Learn more about the approach

Brain busters

Harvard experts are seeking answers to some of our biggest questions about the brain.

An AI generated image of two arrows pointing in opposite directions

How does the brain make decisions?

Scientists have gained new insights into how neurons in the brain communicate during a decision, and how the connections between neurons may help reinforce a choice.

How does the brain make decisions?

Did fermented foods fuel brain growth in our ancestors?

Soybeans cradled in straw bowls
Did fermented foods fuel brain growth in our ancestors?

What does ketamine do to the brain?

An illustration of a brain
What does ketamine do to the brain?

What happens in the brain while we daydream?

Abstract artwork of a human daydreaming
What happens in the brain while we daydream?

What is the connection between thinking and speaking?

Illustration of a human head with a conversation bubble in the brain
What is the connection between thinking and speaking?

What does science reveal about sex differences in the brain?

Two heads with neurons coming out of them
What does science reveal about sex differences in the brain?

What factors are linked to dyslexia?

A little girl reading
What factors are linked to dyslexia?

Brains of the operation

Decoding the brain

Harvard research has been shining a light on some of the long-standing mysteries of the brain.

A woman meditating
  • Mindfulness

How does meditation change the brain?

Neuroscientist and Harvard alum Richard Davidson discusses his decades of research on meditation and dispels myths about how it works and when, where, and how it can be done.

How does meditation change the brain?
  • Myths

Are there real differences between the left and right sides of the brain?

Are there real differences between the left and right sides of the brain?
  • Whatchamacallit

How do we derive meaning from spoken words?

How do we derive meaning from spoken words?
  • Gut feeling

What is the link between gut bacteria and emotions?

What is the link between gut bacteria and emotions?
  • Memory

Why do we remember—and forget?

Why do we remember—and forget?
  • Mind/body

Are the brain and heart more connected than we thought?

Are the brain and heart more connected than we thought?
  • Earworms

What effects does music have on the brain?

What effects does music have on the brain?
  • Navigation

How does the brain’s compass guide the body?

How does the brain’s compass guide the body?
  • Sleep

What does the brain do while we sleep?

What does the brain do while we sleep?

Applied science

Researchers all across the Harvard community are working to find ways to support brain health for all stages of life.


How developing brains connect to the body
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early development

Growing evidence for growing brains

Early experiences affect the development of a child’s brain architecture, which provides the foundation for all future learning, behavior, and health. That’s why Harvard’s Center on the Developing Child is researching the best ways to increase brain-building games, reduce childhood stress, and promote responsive relationships and language-rich experiences.